Applying hydroquinone products
Because hydroquinone is a bleaching agent, you need to apply it carefully, no matter what product you are using.
To start, apply the product on a small area of unbroken skin and wait at least 24 hours to see if you experience any side effects or allergic reactions. If you don’t experience any side effects, you can follow the package directions and proceed with the treatment.
Make sure the skin is clean and dry, apply a small amount of the hydroquinone product to the hyperpigmented area, and massage it until it is well absorbed. Keep hydroquinone away from the eyes.
Wash your hands thoroughly immediately after applying because hydroquinone can lighten the skin on your hands. As with any bleaching or dyeing agent, hydroquinone can discolor fabrics, such as towels or pillowcases, so keep that in mind while using the product.
The melanin-reducing actions of hydroquinone can be lessened by UV rays, so it’s important to limit your time in the sun and avoid tanning beds until you achieve the desired skin-lightening results.
When you do go outside, be sure to wear a broad-spectrum, water-and-sweat-resistant sunscreen with a high SPF to protect your skin from UV radiation. Some hydroquinone products even include some level of SPF protection, so check the label to see if this is the case.
It is essential to use sunblock on a regular basis, no matter which bleaching agent is used.
Possible side effects
Most people have no problem using hydroquinone for skin lightening, but minor side effects can occur when it is applied topically: dryness, irritation, itching, reddening, and mild irritant contact dermatitis.
If your skin blisters, cracks, or turns dark, immediately cease using the product and contact your dermatologist.
The most common side effect is irritation and an allergic reaction. It is better to apply a small quantity in a limited area and wait for 24 to 48 hours to assess whether it causes any reaction.
A very rare side effect is exogenous ochronosis, a blue–black pigmentation of the skin. However, ochronosis occurs only in a very small percentage of cases when hydroquinone products have been applied over a long period of time, especially in high concentrations.
Some individuals have reported lightening of the skin in an area they did not intend to treat but that is near an unwanted darkened area where the product has been applied. It is important to use the product on the dark spot or area being treated without including areas of normal skin tone. If this occurs, discontinue use and the pigment will return over time.
